Amblyopia is defined by Grounds1 as a deficiency predominantly of form vision affecting either one or both eyes, occurring generally before the age of seven years, which cannot be corrected purely by accurate refraction. Further, it should not be associated with any recognisable pathological cause, but should be attributable to an amblyogenic (amblyopia-causing) risk factor.
The most critical period for the loss of binocularity and for the development of functional amblyopia is the first 18 months of life.2 After this, the plasticity of the visual system seems to decrease rapidly at first, and thereafter gradually with some sensitivity remaining until around seven years.
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