Listing’s law: eye movement and near vision

In the first article we looked at the underlying basis of Listing’s and related laws and the relevance of eye position. In this article we will differentiate the eye movement from eye position and look at the extension of Listing’s Law to near vision.

Eye movements

If an eye moves from tertiary position A to another tertiary position B, then altogether three rotation vectors are required to define this process: rotation vector rA, which is necessary to describe the initial position in position A, rB to describe the final position in position B, as well as a third rotation vector rA?B to describe the movement that takes place in between.